{"id":27458,"date":"2025-02-01T17:13:50","date_gmt":"2025-02-01T16:13:50","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/michelsanti.fr\/?p=27458"},"modified":"2025-02-01T17:13:50","modified_gmt":"2025-02-01T16:13:50","slug":"trump-and-arab-philosophy","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/michelsanti.fr\/en\/tariffs-2\/trump-and-arab-philosophy","title":{"rendered":"Trump and Arab Philosophy"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" data-attachment-id=\"27455\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/michelsanti.fr\/en\/tariffs-2\/trump-and-arab-philosophy\/attachment\/ibn-khaldoun-2\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/michelsanti.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/Ibn-Khaldoun.jpg?fit=1200%2C1662&amp;ssl=1\" data-orig-size=\"1200,1662\" data-comments-opened=\"1\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;2.7&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;Canon PowerShot ELPH 300 HS&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;1636825978&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;4.3&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;100&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0.025&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"Ibn Khaldoun\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/michelsanti.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/Ibn-Khaldoun.jpg?fit=739%2C1024&amp;ssl=1\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-27455\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/michelsanti.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/Ibn-Khaldoun.jpg?resize=1170%2C1620&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"\" width=\"1170\" height=\"1620\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/michelsanti.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/Ibn-Khaldoun.jpg?w=1200&amp;ssl=1 1200w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/michelsanti.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/Ibn-Khaldoun.jpg?resize=217%2C300&amp;ssl=1 217w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/michelsanti.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/Ibn-Khaldoun.jpg?resize=739%2C1024&amp;ssl=1 739w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/michelsanti.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/Ibn-Khaldoun.jpg?resize=768%2C1064&amp;ssl=1 768w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/michelsanti.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/Ibn-Khaldoun.jpg?resize=1109%2C1536&amp;ssl=1 1109w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1170px) 100vw, 1170px\" \/><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>The White House confirmed tariffs will be implemented today: 25% on Canada, 25% on Mexico, 10% on China.<\/p>\n<p>Did you know that <strong>&#8220;tariff&#8221;<\/strong> comes from Arabic from the word <strong>\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629<\/strong> (<em>ta\u2018rifa<\/em>), which means a &#8220;list of prices&#8221;?<\/p>\n<p>Ibn Khaldun, in his <em>Muqaddimah<\/em>, discusses taxation and economic policies, using terms like <strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0633<\/strong> (<em>al-muk\u016bs<\/em>), which refers to tolls, excise duties, or customs levies, often imposed unjustly by rulers. He criticized excessive taxation, including trade restrictions, for their negative economic effects.<\/p>\n<p>Ibn Khaldun (1332\u20131406) warned that heavy taxation (which could include tariffs on goods) leads to a decline in commerce, impoverishing both the state and its citizens. He believed that low, fair taxes encourage prosperity and that rulers should avoid burdening their economies with excessive levies.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>&nbsp; The White House confirmed tariffs will be implemented today: 25% on Canada, 25% on Mexico, 10% on China. Did you know that &#8220;tariff&#8221; comes from Arabic from the word \u062a\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629 (ta\u2018rifa), which means a &#8220;list of prices&#8221;? Ibn Khaldun, in his Muqaddimah, discusses taxation and economic policies, using terms like \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0633 (al-muk\u016bs), which refers&hellip;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":27455,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"give_campaign_id":0,"_crdt_document":"","_exactmetrics_skip_tracking":false,"_exactmetrics_sitenote_active":false,"_exactmetrics_sitenote_note":"","_exactmetrics_sitenote_category":0,"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"mc4wp_mailchimp_campaign":[],"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"","jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":true,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","default_image_id":0,"font":"","enabled":false},"version":2},"_wpas_customize_per_network":false,"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false},"categories":[648942755,648942730],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-27458","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-tariffs-2","category-trump-2"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.4 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Trump and Arab Philosophy - Michel Santi<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/michelsanti.fr\/en\/tariffs-2\/trump-and-arab-philosophy\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Trump and Arab Philosophy - Michel Santi\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"&nbsp; The White House confirmed tariffs will be implemented today: 25% on Canada, 25% on Mexico, 10% on China. Did you know that &#8220;tariff&#8221; comes from Arabic from the word \u062a\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629 (ta\u2018rifa), which means a &#8220;list of prices&#8221;? 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The weapon of customs tariffs will always be loaded and ready to be used, but rarely triggered. Another differentiated point of view that we have is that Trump will pursue a weak dollar policy rather than imposing\u2026","rel":"","context":"In &quot;tariffs&quot;","block_context":{"text":"tariffs","link":"https:\/\/michelsanti.fr\/en\/category\/tariffs"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/michelsanti.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/Scott-Bessent.jpg?fit=1170%2C471&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/michelsanti.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/Scott-Bessent.jpg?fit=1170%2C471&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/michelsanti.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/Scott-Bessent.jpg?fit=1170%2C471&ssl=1&resize=525%2C300 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/michelsanti.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/Scott-Bessent.jpg?fit=1170%2C471&ssl=1&resize=700%2C400 2x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/michelsanti.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/Scott-Bessent.jpg?fit=1170%2C471&ssl=1&resize=1050%2C600 3x"},"classes":[]},{"id":28267,"url":"https:\/\/michelsanti.fr\/en\/tariffs\/the-liberation-according-to-donald-trump","url_meta":{"origin":27458,"position":1},"title":"The Liberation According to Donald Trump","author":"Michel Santi","date":"March 30, 2025","format":false,"excerpt":"In our hostile environment, it\u2019s every nation for itself. The lubricant of economies\u2014globalization\u2014is on its last breath. While just yesterday, nations collaborated to draft laws and regulations they pledged to uphold, they are now breaking apart past alliances and consensus. Through subsidies and tariffs, they are scrambling to promote their\u2026","rel":"","context":"In &quot;disindustrialisation&quot;","block_context":{"text":"disindustrialisation","link":"https:\/\/michelsanti.fr\/en\/category\/disindustrialisation"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/michelsanti.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/Trump.png?fit=1200%2C867&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/michelsanti.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/Trump.png?fit=1200%2C867&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/michelsanti.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/Trump.png?fit=1200%2C867&ssl=1&resize=525%2C300 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/michelsanti.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/Trump.png?fit=1200%2C867&ssl=1&resize=700%2C400 2x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/michelsanti.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/Trump.png?fit=1200%2C867&ssl=1&resize=1050%2C600 3x"},"classes":[]},{"id":28804,"url":"https:\/\/michelsanti.fr\/en\/financial-crisis\/tariffs","url_meta":{"origin":27458,"position":2},"title":"Trump\u2019s Tariffs: Economic Voodoo at Work","author":"Michel Santi","date":"April 7, 2025","format":false,"excerpt":"\"They are to economics what creationism is to biology, and astrology is to astronomy,\" tweeted Larry Summers, former U.S. Secretary of the Treasury. A statement that highlights the sheer absurdity \u2014 even outright foolishness \u2014 of the tariffs imposed by the Trump administration. Why then has Lesotho, one of the\u2026","rel":"","context":"In &quot;financial crisis&quot;","block_context":{"text":"financial crisis","link":"https:\/\/michelsanti.fr\/en\/category\/financial-crisis"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/michelsanti.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/Gnk2Z6rW8AASGdE.jpg?fit=1200%2C1200&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/michelsanti.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/Gnk2Z6rW8AASGdE.jpg?fit=1200%2C1200&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/michelsanti.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/Gnk2Z6rW8AASGdE.jpg?fit=1200%2C1200&ssl=1&resize=525%2C300 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/michelsanti.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/Gnk2Z6rW8AASGdE.jpg?fit=1200%2C1200&ssl=1&resize=700%2C400 2x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/michelsanti.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/Gnk2Z6rW8AASGdE.jpg?fit=1200%2C1200&ssl=1&resize=1050%2C600 3x"},"classes":[]},{"id":13805,"url":"https:\/\/michelsanti.fr\/en\/trade-war\/make-america-1929-again","url_meta":{"origin":27458,"position":3},"title":"Make America 1929 Again","author":"Michel Santi","date":"June 5, 2018","format":false,"excerpt":"During his election campaign, Trump never stopped waxing lyrical about China who he stigmatised for all types of wrongdoing, citing high levels of damage to American interests due to unfair business practices. However, a year after being elected, it\u2019s against his closest allies \u2013 Canada and Europe \u2013 that Trump\u2026","rel":"","context":"In &quot;trade war&quot;","block_context":{"text":"trade war","link":"https:\/\/michelsanti.fr\/en\/category\/trade-war"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/michelsanti.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/10\/Trump.jpg?fit=750%2C375&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/michelsanti.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/10\/Trump.jpg?fit=750%2C375&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/michelsanti.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/10\/Trump.jpg?fit=750%2C375&ssl=1&resize=525%2C300 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/michelsanti.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/10\/Trump.jpg?fit=750%2C375&ssl=1&resize=700%2C400 2x"},"classes":[]},{"id":27222,"url":"https:\/\/michelsanti.fr\/en\/tariffs-2\/trump-and-the-loudmouths","url_meta":{"origin":27458,"position":4},"title":"Trump and the Loudmouths","author":"Michel Santi","date":"December 20, 2024","format":false,"excerpt":"\u00a0 Trump threatens heavy tariff sanctions if the European Union does not buy more oil. \u00a0 Yet, European imports from the U.S. have only been increasing: they have been rising substantially and consistently, year after year. \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 Conclusion: Trump makes loud demands that are entirely realistic, as\u2026","rel":"","context":"In &quot;Europe vulnerability&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Europe vulnerability","link":"https:\/\/michelsanti.fr\/en\/category\/europe-vulnerability"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/michelsanti.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/trump-eu.jpg?fit=1200%2C793&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/michelsanti.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/trump-eu.jpg?fit=1200%2C793&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/michelsanti.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/trump-eu.jpg?fit=1200%2C793&ssl=1&resize=525%2C300 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/michelsanti.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/trump-eu.jpg?fit=1200%2C793&ssl=1&resize=700%2C400 2x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/michelsanti.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/trump-eu.jpg?fit=1200%2C793&ssl=1&resize=1050%2C600 3x"},"classes":[]},{"id":28957,"url":"https:\/\/michelsanti.fr\/en\/china\/flip-flop-policy","url_meta":{"origin":27458,"position":5},"title":"Flip-flop policy","author":"Michel Santi","date":"April 13, 2025","format":false,"excerpt":"\u00a0 Trump has just lowered tariffs on smartphones, computers, and electronic devices imported from China. Every day, the White House backtracks, revises downward, cancels... In such conditions, where can one find the motivation to set up a factory and bring industrial jobs back to the United States? Tariffs are not\u2026","rel":"","context":"In &quot;China&quot;","block_context":{"text":"China","link":"https:\/\/michelsanti.fr\/en\/category\/china"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/michelsanti.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/GoLL1hOXQAAUSmc.jpg?fit=1200%2C960&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/michelsanti.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/GoLL1hOXQAAUSmc.jpg?fit=1200%2C960&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/michelsanti.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/GoLL1hOXQAAUSmc.jpg?fit=1200%2C960&ssl=1&resize=525%2C300 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/michelsanti.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/GoLL1hOXQAAUSmc.jpg?fit=1200%2C960&ssl=1&resize=700%2C400 2x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/michelsanti.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/GoLL1hOXQAAUSmc.jpg?fit=1200%2C960&ssl=1&resize=1050%2C600 3x"},"classes":[]}],"amp_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/michelsanti.fr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/27458","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/michelsanti.fr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/michelsanti.fr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/michelsanti.fr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/4"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/michelsanti.fr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=27458"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/michelsanti.fr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/27458\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":27460,"href":"https:\/\/michelsanti.fr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/27458\/revisions\/27460"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/michelsanti.fr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/27455"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/michelsanti.fr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=27458"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/michelsanti.fr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=27458"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/michelsanti.fr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=27458"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}