{"id":20614,"date":"2020-09-09T08:43:15","date_gmt":"2020-09-09T06:43:15","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/michelsanti.fr\/?p=20614"},"modified":"2020-09-09T08:43:15","modified_gmt":"2020-09-09T06:43:15","slug":"economists-on-the-verge-of-nervous-breakdown","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/michelsanti.fr\/en\/inflation-en\/economists-on-the-verge-of-nervous-breakdown","title":{"rendered":"Economists on the verge of nervous breakdown"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" data-attachment-id=\"20608\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/michelsanti.fr\/en\/inflation-en\/economists-on-the-verge-of-nervous-breakdown\/attachment\/hyman_minsky-2\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/michelsanti.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/hyman_minsky.jpg?fit=400%2C314&amp;ssl=1\" data-orig-size=\"400,314\" data-comments-opened=\"1\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"hyman_minsky\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/michelsanti.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/hyman_minsky.jpg?fit=400%2C314&amp;ssl=1\" class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-20608\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/michelsanti.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/hyman_minsky.jpg?resize=300%2C236&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"236\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/michelsanti.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/hyman_minsky.jpg?resize=300%2C236&amp;ssl=1 300w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/michelsanti.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/hyman_minsky.jpg?w=400&amp;ssl=1 400w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Central banks are lost, and central bankers are now blatantly admitting that their tools and other monetary policy instruments used for decades to correct economic cycles no longer work!<\/p>\n<p>Yes: they have lost their magic touch, these central banks which are no longer omnipotent, including the most powerful of them, namely the US Federal Reserve.<\/p>\n<p>They who enjoy \u2013 and who are, quite rightly, proud and jealous \u2013 of their independence vis-\u00e0-vis the political powers and the bureaucracy of the States, they who have benefited for a long time from the quasi-miraculous and privileged power of regulation of cycles of economic activity, they who have long assumed the \u2013 sometimes unpopular and often controversial \u2013 decisions on interest rates while ostensibly displaying their indifference to political pressures, it is now they who plead for public spending, for fiscal policy and for taxation to come to the rescue \u2013 which in itself is an implicit acknowledgment of their weakness.<\/p>\n<h2>By sacrificing everything to the dogma of 2% inflation \u2026<\/h2>\n<p>Does this mean that the paradigm on which they were built, and which consisted in stabilizing the system following the banking panics of the 19th and the beginning of the 20th centuries, has become outdated, obsolete? They who, after Bretton Woods and after the establishment of floating exchange rates, were the guardians of this sacrosanct price stability theorized by Milton Friedman.<\/p>\n<p>Unfortunately, they concentrated all their efforts on monitoring the quasi-dogmatic level of 2% inflation which was the critical threshold not to be exceeded in order for this system to prosper.<\/p>\n<p>They sacrificed everything in the light of this 2% pushback, including the preservation of full employment and the promotion of growth relegated far, far behind the protection of savers and pensioners.<\/p>\n<h2>A victory in the form of collective suicide<\/h2>\n<p>Ironically, it would be tempting today to congratulate them. Did they not win handily this fight against inflation which is now an extraordinarily scarce commodity? In fact, the combination of their obsession with inflation, their focus on this one and only priority, and the proliferation of this 2% tier across all central banks around the world (which in this way followed the Fed and the ECB after the Bundesbank) has engendered a sort of collective suicide because no one currently knows how to bring back a little inflation.<\/p>\n<p>But let\u2019s not throw stones at central bankers alone because it is, in reality, the entire corporation of traditional, orthodox, \u201cmainstream\u201d economists which is now on an ejection seat for not having wanted to admit that capitalism is fundamentally vector of instability, and for not wanting to integrate essential components \u2013 such as debt and money \u2013 into their economic models.<\/p>\n<h2>\u201cOne funeral at a time\u201d: the slow advance of new ideas<\/h2>\n<p>Yet it was enough to be interested in the work and the hypothesis of financial instability of Hyman Minsky to depart \u2013 or at least to question \u2013 their certainties as to the balance of the markets and the economy to which clings always a certain number of them! However, crises are inevitable, human speculative bubbles, as are untenable certain levels of private sector indebtedness that generate deep imbalances that require violent adjustments at regular intervals.<\/p>\n<p>The experience of Men shows that it is very difficult for them to question the intellectual patterns in which they are comfortably installed, that it is almost impossible for them to adopt others that are more radical. Deploring the lack of enthusiasm of his contemporaries for his yet brilliant discoveries on electromagnetism, the physicist Max Planck noted that science is advancing only \u201cone burial at a time\u201d. The same goes for the economy and for the financial markets \u2013 it is true \u2013 familiar with the massacres.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>&nbsp; Central banks are lost, and central bankers are now blatantly admitting that their tools and other monetary policy instruments used for decades to correct economic cycles no longer work! Yes: they have lost their magic touch, these central banks which are no longer omnipotent, including the most powerful of them, namely the US Federal&hellip;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":20608,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"give_campaign_id":0,"_crdt_document":"","_exactmetrics_skip_tracking":false,"_exactmetrics_sitenote_active":false,"_exactmetrics_sitenote_note":"","_exactmetrics_sitenote_category":0,"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"mc4wp_mailchimp_campaign":[],"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"","jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":true,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","default_image_id":0,"font":"","enabled":false},"version":2},"_wpas_customize_per_network":false,"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false},"categories":[648941274,648941308,648941736],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-20614","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-inflation-en","category-minsky","category-monetary-policy"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.4 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Economists on the verge of nervous breakdown - Michel Santi<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/michelsanti.fr\/en\/inflation-en\/economists-on-the-verge-of-nervous-breakdown\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Economists on the verge of nervous breakdown - Michel Santi\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"&nbsp; Central banks are lost, and central bankers are now blatantly admitting that their tools and other monetary policy instruments used for decades to correct economic cycles no longer work! Yes: they have lost their magic touch, these central banks which are no longer omnipotent, including the most powerful of them, namely the US Federal&hellip;\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/michelsanti.fr\/en\/inflation-en\/economists-on-the-verge-of-nervous-breakdown\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Michel Santi\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:publisher\" content=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/michel.santi.economiste\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2020-09-09T06:43:15+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/i2.wp.com\/michelsanti.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/hyman_minsky.jpg?fit=400%2C314&ssl=1\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"400\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"314\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Michel Santi\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:creator\" content=\"@michelsanti1\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:site\" content=\"@michelsanti1\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Michel Santi\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"3 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/michelsanti.fr\\\/en\\\/inflation-en\\\/economists-on-the-verge-of-nervous-breakdown#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/michelsanti.fr\\\/en\\\/inflation-en\\\/economists-on-the-verge-of-nervous-breakdown\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"Michel Santi\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/michelsanti.fr\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/ba61ae1376925b43e3d1ddbc1e3eb2a4\"},\"headline\":\"Economists on the verge of nervous breakdown\",\"datePublished\":\"2020-09-09T06:43:15+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/michelsanti.fr\\\/en\\\/inflation-en\\\/economists-on-the-verge-of-nervous-breakdown\"},\"wordCount\":615,\"commentCount\":0,\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/michelsanti.fr\\\/en\\\/inflation-en\\\/economists-on-the-verge-of-nervous-breakdown#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/i0.wp.com\\\/michelsanti.fr\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2020\\\/09\\\/hyman_minsky.jpg?fit=400%2C314&ssl=1\",\"articleSection\":[\"Inflation\",\"Minsky\",\"monetary policy\"],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"CommentAction\",\"name\":\"Comment\",\"target\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/michelsanti.fr\\\/en\\\/inflation-en\\\/economists-on-the-verge-of-nervous-breakdown#respond\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/michelsanti.fr\\\/en\\\/inflation-en\\\/economists-on-the-verge-of-nervous-breakdown\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/michelsanti.fr\\\/en\\\/inflation-en\\\/economists-on-the-verge-of-nervous-breakdown\",\"name\":\"Economists on the verge of nervous breakdown - 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While these losses do not threaten their solvency, they reveal a deeper transformation: the end of the illusion of neutral and invisible monetary technocracy, and the return of money as a fully political\u2026","rel":"","context":"In &quot;central bank independance&quot;","block_context":{"text":"central bank independance","link":"https:\/\/michelsanti.fr\/en\/category\/central-bank-independance"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/michelsanti.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/chateau-de-billets.jpg?fit=800%2C582&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/michelsanti.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/chateau-de-billets.jpg?fit=800%2C582&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/michelsanti.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/chateau-de-billets.jpg?fit=800%2C582&ssl=1&resize=525%2C300 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/michelsanti.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/chateau-de-billets.jpg?fit=800%2C582&ssl=1&resize=700%2C400 2x"},"classes":[]},{"id":13684,"url":"https:\/\/michelsanti.fr\/en\/negative-rate\/if-only-the-right-knew-how-or-the-left-was-able-to","url_meta":{"origin":20614,"position":1},"title":"If only the right knew how, or the left was able to","author":"Michel Santi","date":"February 19, 2016","format":false,"excerpt":"Negative interest rates appear to be incompatible with our current banking system, because it is the banking institutions which have the most difficulty making profits in an environment of negative rates. It is the very fabric of our economy that has again been shaken as our world sinks further and\u2026","rel":"","context":"In &quot;Central Banks&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Central Banks","link":"https:\/\/michelsanti.fr\/en\/category\/central-banks"},"img":{"alt_text":"fork-in-the-road","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/michelsanti.blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/10\/fork-in-the-road-225x300.jpg?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1","width":350,"height":200},"classes":[]},{"id":21302,"url":"https:\/\/michelsanti.fr\/en\/keynes-en\/should-we-be-scared-of-the-government","url_meta":{"origin":20614,"position":2},"title":"Should we be scared of the government?","author":"Michel Santi","date":"March 29, 2021","format":false,"excerpt":"Government always caused fear and those who we now call \u201clibertarians\u201d always viewed public powers gaining momentum with unease since the expansion of a government\u2019s remit has been interpreted by many citizens across the Western world as a rolling back of their own freedoms. For those who subscribe to this\u2026","rel":"","context":"In &quot;big government&quot;","block_context":{"text":"big government","link":"https:\/\/michelsanti.fr\/en\/category\/big-government"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"","width":0,"height":0},"classes":[]},{"id":19657,"url":"https:\/\/michelsanti.fr\/en\/negative-rate\/the-economic-deficiencies-of-our-political-leaders","url_meta":{"origin":20614,"position":3},"title":"The economic deficiencies of our political leaders","author":"Michel Santi","date":"September 17, 2019","format":false,"excerpt":"The \u201cJapanisation\u201d of our Western economies that I have been talking about and describing for years has now reached its climax with the world\u2019s two most influential central banks \u2013 the ECB and the Fed \u2013 getting (back) out the heavy artillery in the hope of putting more pressure on\u2026","rel":"","context":"In &quot;Negative rate&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Negative rate","link":"https:\/\/michelsanti.fr\/en\/category\/negative-rate"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"","width":0,"height":0},"classes":[]},{"id":26006,"url":"https:\/\/michelsanti.fr\/en\/inequality\/the-ravages-of-economic-dogmatism","url_meta":{"origin":20614,"position":4},"title":"The Ravages of Economic Dogmatism","author":"Michel Santi","date":"April 20, 2024","format":false,"excerpt":"\u00a0 \u00a0 They have brought Europe to a standstill. The productivity differential is widening further every quarter between us and the United States, who are racing ahead, far ahead of the European Union with their 2.6% growth compared to the pitiful European regression of 1.2%. Mario Draghi warned us a\u2026","rel":"","context":"In &quot;inequality&quot;","block_context":{"text":"inequality","link":"https:\/\/michelsanti.fr\/en\/category\/inequality"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/michelsanti.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/declin-europe.jpg?fit=1200%2C675&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/michelsanti.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/declin-europe.jpg?fit=1200%2C675&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/michelsanti.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/declin-europe.jpg?fit=1200%2C675&ssl=1&resize=525%2C300 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/michelsanti.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/declin-europe.jpg?fit=1200%2C675&ssl=1&resize=700%2C400 2x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/michelsanti.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/declin-europe.jpg?fit=1200%2C675&ssl=1&resize=1050%2C600 3x"},"classes":[]},{"id":19396,"url":"https:\/\/michelsanti.fr\/en\/inflation-en\/a-major-challenge-of-our-time","url_meta":{"origin":20614,"position":5},"title":"A major challenge of our time","author":"Michel Santi","date":"April 21, 2019","format":false,"excerpt":"Where has inflation gone? While the US enjoys one of its longest periods of economic expansion, and while it is pretty much at full employment with its best figures for fifty years, inflation is nevertheless miniscule. Will it one day make its return to our developed nations of integrated economies?\u2026","rel":"","context":"In &quot;Inflation&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Inflation","link":"https:\/\/michelsanti.fr\/en\/category\/inflation-en"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/michelsanti.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/Inflation-.jpg?fit=469%2C377&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200},"classes":[]}],"amp_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/michelsanti.fr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/20614","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/michelsanti.fr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/michelsanti.fr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/michelsanti.fr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/4"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/michelsanti.fr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=20614"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/michelsanti.fr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/20614\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":20616,"href":"https:\/\/michelsanti.fr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/20614\/revisions\/20616"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/michelsanti.fr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/20608"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/michelsanti.fr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=20614"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/michelsanti.fr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=20614"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/michelsanti.fr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=20614"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}