{"id":13814,"date":"2018-08-28T00:00:00","date_gmt":"2018-08-27T22:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/michelsanti.blog\/2018\/08\/28\/desperately-seeking\/"},"modified":"2018-10-17T17:43:08","modified_gmt":"2018-10-17T15:43:08","slug":"desperately-seeking","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/michelsanti.fr\/en\/emerging-markets\/desperately-seeking","title":{"rendered":"Desperately seeking $ !"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-large wp-image-7638\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/michelsanti.blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/10\/dollar.png?resize=600%2C281&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"\" width=\"600\" height=\"281\" \/><\/p>\n<p>Since last January, interest rate hikes have accelerated throughout the world. It\u2019s simple: we might have returned to the pre-Lehman average rate level, according to a Bank of America Merrill Lynch study! It\u2019s not surprising that, in such a situation, global cash is drying up internationally since it goes without saying that such a tightening of monetary policy from the central banks is bringing about a global contraction.<!--more--><\/p>\n<p>In reality, it\u2019s almost exclusively the global supply of U.S. dollars that is being distributed much less generously than before since this currency is, and remains, the sole indicator of the world\u2019s economic and financial security. This rush on the Greenback observed by all the planet\u2019s actors, and which has gradually risen in power throughout the course of this year, does of course owe to a return to the fold of more and more dollars attracted by an economy that is undeniably in superb health. This increased \u2013 even sometimes frenetic \u2013 demand of dollars is also due to the Chinese slowdown and to the current protectionist fever. Still a universal measure \u2013 and a judge of peace \u2013, the dollar and its reserves are essential for basically every nation\u2019s economic cogs: the dollar is the reserve currency of choice for central banks and is also the reference for most bonds across the world and is used for transactions and exchanges that reach 4,400 billion daily.<\/p>\n<p>While this tectonic shift of the dollar plates grinding away beneath our feet is felt everywhere, it\u2019s above all the emerging countries that will suffer the consequences of it, which are sometimes devastating. Having seen an influx of liquidities in their direction a few years ago in search of superior profitability while the interest rates of the main economies were zero, even negative, these emerging countries are only beginning to experience the reverse shift, that being an exodus of dollars at a time when the monetary policies of the main powers are being normalised. While Argentina and Turkey have made recent headlines, all the nations that based their take-off on debt and whose reserves are poorly stacked in foreign currencies are the most fragile. Indonesia, Malaysia, the Philippines and South Africa will therefore most likely be in the hot seat while \u2013 elsewhere \u2013 euphoria reigns over the American stock markets that last week enjoyed their longest upturn since 1945.<\/p>\n<p>The US shouldn&#8217;t crack open the Champagne just yet though because the extreme volatility to come on the emerging markets brings a strong risk of contaminating it. You don\u2019t withdraw 600 billion dollars in cash every year with impunity, as does the Federal Reserve, without perverse effects for businesses\u2019 profitability and national growth.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Since last January, interest rate hikes have accelerated throughout the world. It\u2019s simple: we might have returned to the pre-Lehman average rate level, according to a Bank of America Merrill Lynch study! It\u2019s not surprising that, in such a situation, global cash is drying up internationally since it goes without saying that such a tightening&hellip;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":13815,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"give_campaign_id":0,"_crdt_document":"","_exactmetrics_skip_tracking":false,"_exactmetrics_sitenote_active":false,"_exactmetrics_sitenote_note":"","_exactmetrics_sitenote_category":0,"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"mc4wp_mailchimp_campaign":[],"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"","jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":true,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","default_image_id":0,"font":"","enabled":false},"version":2},"_wpas_customize_per_network":false},"categories":[648941296],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-13814","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-emerging-markets"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.0 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Desperately seeking $ ! - Michel Santi<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/michelsanti.fr\/en\/emerging-markets\/desperately-seeking\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Desperately seeking $ ! - Michel Santi\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Since last January, interest rate hikes have accelerated throughout the world. It\u2019s simple: we might have returned to the pre-Lehman average rate level, according to a Bank of America Merrill Lynch study! 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Vilified for exacerbating inequalities and dragged through the mud for maintaining zero interest rates, it\u2019s only fair that we\u2026","rel":"","context":"In &quot;Cash&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Cash","link":"https:\/\/michelsanti.fr\/en\/category\/cash-en"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/michelsanti.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/P.-Volcker.jpg?fit=700%2C394&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/michelsanti.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/P.-Volcker.jpg?fit=700%2C394&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/michelsanti.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/P.-Volcker.jpg?fit=700%2C394&ssl=1&resize=525%2C300 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/michelsanti.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/P.-Volcker.jpg?fit=700%2C394&ssl=1&resize=700%2C400 2x"},"classes":[]},{"id":20357,"url":"https:\/\/michelsanti.fr\/en\/inequality\/may-this-crisis-be-an-opportunity","url_meta":{"origin":13814,"position":3},"title":"May this crisis be an opportunity!","author":"Michel Santi","date":"June 15, 2020","format":false,"excerpt":"\u00a0 For the common good, but also purely and simply for the preservation of capitalism, this crisis must be got to grips with because the cause and effect relationship between the accumulation of debt and inequalities is, for me, at the source of it all. The fact is that the\u2026","rel":"","context":"In &quot;inequality&quot;","block_context":{"text":"inequality","link":"https:\/\/michelsanti.fr\/en\/category\/inequality"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/michelsanti.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/06\/transformation.jpg?fit=1200%2C796&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/michelsanti.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/06\/transformation.jpg?fit=1200%2C796&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/michelsanti.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/06\/transformation.jpg?fit=1200%2C796&ssl=1&resize=525%2C300 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/michelsanti.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/06\/transformation.jpg?fit=1200%2C796&ssl=1&resize=700%2C400 2x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/michelsanti.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/06\/transformation.jpg?fit=1200%2C796&ssl=1&resize=1050%2C600 3x"},"classes":[]},{"id":19426,"url":"https:\/\/michelsanti.fr\/en\/capitalism-2\/the-zombies-of-capitalism","url_meta":{"origin":13814,"position":4},"title":"The zombies of capitalism","author":"Michel Santi","date":"May 9, 2019","format":false,"excerpt":"The policy of zero interest rates was crucial in avoiding total financial collapse following the subprime crisis, the credit crunch, and Europe\u2019s sovereign debt psychodrama, just as it will play a major role over the next few episodes of stock market crashes and exacerbated volatility that hurts the real economy.\u2026","rel":"","context":"In &quot;capitalism&quot;","block_context":{"text":"capitalism","link":"https:\/\/michelsanti.fr\/category\/capitalism-2"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/michelsanti.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/zombie-300x169.jpg?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1","width":350,"height":200},"classes":[]},{"id":20574,"url":"https:\/\/michelsanti.fr\/en\/deflation-en\/japan-a-sleeping-beauty","url_meta":{"origin":13814,"position":5},"title":"Japan: a sleeping beauty","author":"Michel Santi","date":"September 1, 2020","format":false,"excerpt":"\u00a0 On the macroeconomic scale, Japan is a laboratory, but it\u2019s also a cemetery where economists and theorists have had to bury their certainties. I salute the determination of Prime Minister Abe on his departure, having not shied away from any decision or measure in pulling his country out of\u2026","rel":"","context":"In &quot;Deflation&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Deflation","link":"https:\/\/michelsanti.fr\/en\/category\/deflation-en"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/michelsanti.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/la_belle_au_bois.jpg?fit=1200%2C675&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/michelsanti.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/la_belle_au_bois.jpg?fit=1200%2C675&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/michelsanti.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/la_belle_au_bois.jpg?fit=1200%2C675&ssl=1&resize=525%2C300 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/michelsanti.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/la_belle_au_bois.jpg?fit=1200%2C675&ssl=1&resize=700%2C400 2x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/michelsanti.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/la_belle_au_bois.jpg?fit=1200%2C675&ssl=1&resize=1050%2C600 3x"},"classes":[]}],"amp_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/michelsanti.fr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/13814","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/michelsanti.fr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/michelsanti.fr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/michelsanti.fr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/4"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/michelsanti.fr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=13814"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/michelsanti.fr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/13814\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/michelsanti.fr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/13815"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/michelsanti.fr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=13814"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/michelsanti.fr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=13814"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/michelsanti.fr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=13814"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}