{"id":13805,"date":"2018-06-05T00:00:00","date_gmt":"2018-06-04T22:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/michelsanti.blog\/2018\/06\/05\/make-america-1929-again\/"},"modified":"2018-10-17T17:43:09","modified_gmt":"2018-10-17T15:43:09","slug":"make-america-1929-again","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/michelsanti.fr\/en\/trade-war\/make-america-1929-again","title":{"rendered":"Make America 1929 Again"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-large wp-image-7560\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/michelsanti.blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/10\/Trump.jpg?resize=600%2C300&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"\" width=\"600\" height=\"300\" \/><\/p>\n<p><strong>During his election campaign, Trump never stopped waxing lyrical about China who he stigmatised for all types of wrongdoing, citing high levels of damage to American interests due to unfair business practices. However, a year after being elected, it\u2019s against his closest allies \u2013 Canada and Europe \u2013 that Trump is raging, all the while staying strangely and worryingly silent on China. Having had no qualms with repeatedly calling China the \u201cBad Guy\u201d, here he is now announcing on May 31<sup>st<\/sup> \u2013 unilaterally and with immediate effect \u2013 a 25% customs tariff on steel and aluminium imports from these countries, which equates to the considerable sum of 23 billion dollars\u2019 worth of imports per year.<\/strong><!--more--><\/p>\n<p><strong>Can we treat secular allies as both competitors and adversaries? What is the logic that underpins this abhorrent decision of Trump\u2019s? The logic that is irreparably alienating his closest partners, who would have otherwise made for useful back-up in a trade stand-off between the US and China. Beyond the uncertain economic consequences for the United States, who might nevertheless be hit with rises in inflation and unemployment, the country will undoubtedly relinquish even more international influence.\u00a0The protectionism established in 1928 was a root cause of the Great Depression. Let us not forget that the Republican Party at the time hoped<\/strong><em><strong> \u201cto support certain industries that cannot compete with foreign producers because of their low wages and living standards\u201d,<\/strong><\/em><strong> and the \u201cHawley-Smoot\u201d law established in June 1930 that strengthened tariffs on a number of imports from 39 to 53%.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>These details don\u2019t really matter to Trump though, whose sole motivation seems to be of a political nature. He has barely taken into account the economic logic that clearly anticipates job losses following punitive expeditions, because he wants show to the losers of globalisation and those in unstable jobs in his own country that he is looking after them, that he hasn\u2019t forgotten them. It\u2019s obvious that it\u2019s these left-behind social classes who will pay the highest price for the recent measures, but they will nevertheless convince themselves that their President is defending their interests. Whatever the consequences for the international relations stage, and even if the US is brought before the WTO at the price of a loss of confidence with Europeans that would have nefarious effects even in the long term, the fact is that the President of the United States of America has declared an all-out trade war.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>There\u2019s no doubt about it, Trump\u2019s aim is to shake up the world order because he\u2019s convinced he\u2019ll come out on top. We just have to look back to his Tweet of 2 March that kicked off the hostilities: \u201cTrade wards are good, and easy to win\u201d.<\/strong><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>During his election campaign, Trump never stopped waxing lyrical about China who he stigmatised for all types of wrongdoing, citing high levels of damage to American interests due to unfair business practices. However, a year after being elected, it\u2019s against his closest allies \u2013 Canada and Europe \u2013 that Trump is raging, all the while&hellip;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":13806,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"give_campaign_id":0,"_exactmetrics_skip_tracking":false,"_exactmetrics_sitenote_active":false,"_exactmetrics_sitenote_note":"","_exactmetrics_sitenote_category":0,"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"mc4wp_mailchimp_campaign":[],"_jetpack_feature_clip_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"{title}\n\n{excerpt}\n\n{url}","jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":true,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","default_image_id":0,"font":"","enabled":false},"version":2},"_wpas_customize_per_network":false,"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false},"categories":[648941317],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-13805","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-trade-war"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.7 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Make America 1929 Again - Michel Santi<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/michelsanti.fr\/en\/trade-war\/make-america-1929-again\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Make America 1929 Again - Michel Santi\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"During his election campaign, Trump never stopped waxing lyrical about China who he stigmatised for all types of wrongdoing, citing high levels of damage to American interests due to unfair business practices. However, a year after being elected, it\u2019s against his closest allies \u2013 Canada and Europe \u2013 that Trump is raging, all the while&hellip;\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/michelsanti.fr\/en\/trade-war\/make-america-1929-again\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Michel Santi\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:publisher\" content=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/michel.santi.economiste\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2018-06-04T22:00:00+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2018-10-17T15:43:09+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/michelsanti.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/10\/Trump.jpg?fit=750%2C375&ssl=1\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"750\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"375\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Michel Santi\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:creator\" content=\"@michelsanti1\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:site\" content=\"@michelsanti1\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Michel Santi\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"2 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/michelsanti.fr\\\/en\\\/trade-war\\\/make-america-1929-again#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/michelsanti.fr\\\/en\\\/trade-war\\\/make-america-1929-again\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"Michel Santi\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/michelsanti.fr\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/ba61ae1376925b43e3d1ddbc1e3eb2a4\"},\"headline\":\"Make America 1929 Again\",\"datePublished\":\"2018-06-04T22:00:00+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2018-10-17T15:43:09+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/michelsanti.fr\\\/en\\\/trade-war\\\/make-america-1929-again\"},\"wordCount\":454,\"commentCount\":0,\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/michelsanti.fr\\\/en\\\/trade-war\\\/make-america-1929-again#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/i0.wp.com\\\/michelsanti.fr\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2018\\\/10\\\/Trump.jpg?fit=750%2C375&ssl=1\",\"articleSection\":[\"trade war\"],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"CommentAction\",\"name\":\"Comment\",\"target\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/michelsanti.fr\\\/en\\\/trade-war\\\/make-america-1929-again#respond\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/michelsanti.fr\\\/en\\\/trade-war\\\/make-america-1929-again\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/michelsanti.fr\\\/en\\\/trade-war\\\/make-america-1929-again\",\"name\":\"Make America 1929 Again - Michel Santi\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/michelsanti.fr\\\/#website\"},\"primaryImageOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/michelsanti.fr\\\/en\\\/trade-war\\\/make-america-1929-again#primaryimage\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/michelsanti.fr\\\/en\\\/trade-war\\\/make-america-1929-again#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/i0.wp.com\\\/michelsanti.fr\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2018\\\/10\\\/Trump.jpg?fit=750%2C375&ssl=1\",\"datePublished\":\"2018-06-04T22:00:00+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2018-10-17T15:43:09+00:00\",\"author\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/michelsanti.fr\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/ba61ae1376925b43e3d1ddbc1e3eb2a4\"},\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/michelsanti.fr\\\/en\\\/trade-war\\\/make-america-1929-again#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/michelsanti.fr\\\/en\\\/trade-war\\\/make-america-1929-again\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/michelsanti.fr\\\/en\\\/trade-war\\\/make-america-1929-again#primaryimage\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/i0.wp.com\\\/michelsanti.fr\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2018\\\/10\\\/Trump.jpg?fit=750%2C375&ssl=1\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/i0.wp.com\\\/michelsanti.fr\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2018\\\/10\\\/Trump.jpg?fit=750%2C375&ssl=1\",\"width\":750,\"height\":375},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/michelsanti.fr\\\/en\\\/trade-war\\\/make-america-1929-again#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"Accueil\",\"item\":\"https:\\\/\\\/michelsanti.fr\\\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"Make America 1929 Again\"}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/michelsanti.fr\\\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/michelsanti.fr\\\/\",\"name\":\"Michel Santi\",\"description\":\"\\\"It is not because things are difficult that we do not dare. 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The latest statistics are actually shocking for the US Government, with the trade deficit with China at its highest historical level. These figures \u2013 that show a Chinese surplus of more than 37 billion dollars\u2026","rel":"","context":"In &quot;trade war&quot;","block_context":{"text":"trade war","link":"https:\/\/michelsanti.fr\/en\/category\/trade-war"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/michelsanti.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/11\/Trump-Obama.jpg?fit=960%2C586&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/michelsanti.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/11\/Trump-Obama.jpg?fit=960%2C586&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/michelsanti.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/11\/Trump-Obama.jpg?fit=960%2C586&ssl=1&resize=525%2C300 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/michelsanti.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/11\/Trump-Obama.jpg?fit=960%2C586&ssl=1&resize=700%2C400 2x"},"classes":[]},{"id":13826,"url":"https:\/\/michelsanti.fr\/en\/china\/trade-war-or-american-self-sabotage","url_meta":{"origin":13805,"position":1},"title":"Trade war, or American self-sabotage?","author":"Michel Santi","date":"September 26, 2018","format":false,"excerpt":"Donald Trump is actively preparing phase 3 of his retaliation plan against China now that the latter has just reacted to his last wave that came into force this week. According to his own statements summarising his approach to China, he began by imposing an extra tax of 50 billion\u2026","rel":"","context":"In &quot;China&quot;","block_context":{"text":"China","link":"https:\/\/michelsanti.fr\/en\/category\/china"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/michelsanti.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/10\/trump-et-la-chine.jpg?fit=620%2C372&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/michelsanti.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/10\/trump-et-la-chine.jpg?fit=620%2C372&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/michelsanti.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/10\/trump-et-la-chine.jpg?fit=620%2C372&ssl=1&resize=525%2C300 1.5x"},"classes":[]},{"id":27222,"url":"https:\/\/michelsanti.fr\/en\/tariffs-2\/trump-and-the-loudmouths","url_meta":{"origin":13805,"position":2},"title":"Trump and the Loudmouths","author":"Michel Santi","date":"December 20, 2024","format":false,"excerpt":"\u00a0 Trump threatens heavy tariff sanctions if the European Union does not buy more oil. \u00a0 Yet, European imports from the U.S. have only been increasing: they have been rising substantially and consistently, year after year. \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 Conclusion: Trump makes loud demands that are entirely realistic, as\u2026","rel":"","context":"In &quot;Europe vulnerability&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Europe vulnerability","link":"https:\/\/michelsanti.fr\/en\/category\/europe-vulnerability"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/michelsanti.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/trump-eu.jpg?fit=1200%2C793&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/michelsanti.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/trump-eu.jpg?fit=1200%2C793&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/michelsanti.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/trump-eu.jpg?fit=1200%2C793&ssl=1&resize=525%2C300 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/michelsanti.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/trump-eu.jpg?fit=1200%2C793&ssl=1&resize=700%2C400 2x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/michelsanti.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/trump-eu.jpg?fit=1200%2C793&ssl=1&resize=1050%2C600 3x"},"classes":[]},{"id":28957,"url":"https:\/\/michelsanti.fr\/en\/china\/flip-flop-policy","url_meta":{"origin":13805,"position":3},"title":"Flip-flop policy","author":"Michel Santi","date":"April 13, 2025","format":false,"excerpt":"\u00a0 Trump has just lowered tariffs on smartphones, computers, and electronic devices imported from China. Every day, the White House backtracks, revises downward, cancels... In such conditions, where can one find the motivation to set up a factory and bring industrial jobs back to the United States? Tariffs are not\u2026","rel":"","context":"In &quot;China&quot;","block_context":{"text":"China","link":"https:\/\/michelsanti.fr\/en\/category\/china"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/michelsanti.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/GoLL1hOXQAAUSmc.jpg?fit=1200%2C960&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/michelsanti.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/GoLL1hOXQAAUSmc.jpg?fit=1200%2C960&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/michelsanti.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/GoLL1hOXQAAUSmc.jpg?fit=1200%2C960&ssl=1&resize=525%2C300 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/michelsanti.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/GoLL1hOXQAAUSmc.jpg?fit=1200%2C960&ssl=1&resize=700%2C400 2x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/michelsanti.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/GoLL1hOXQAAUSmc.jpg?fit=1200%2C960&ssl=1&resize=1050%2C600 3x"},"classes":[]},{"id":29659,"url":"https:\/\/michelsanti.fr\/en\/iran-2\/trump-iran-tarifss","url_meta":{"origin":13805,"position":4},"title":"Trump the Mastermind","author":"Michel Santi","date":"June 21, 2025","format":false,"excerpt":"Russia managed to outplay Trump: no ceasefire. China managed to outplay Trump: no serious concessions on tariffs. Iran \u2014 whose ancestors invented the game of chess \u2014 will outplay Trump. The tactic is simple: Just resist, stand firm, ignore the threats \u2026 especially when only 23% of Americans can locate\u2026","rel":"","context":"In &quot;Iran&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Iran","link":"https:\/\/michelsanti.fr\/en\/category\/iran-2"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/michelsanti.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/Iran-localisation.jpg?fit=972%2C1200&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/michelsanti.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/Iran-localisation.jpg?fit=972%2C1200&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/michelsanti.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/Iran-localisation.jpg?fit=972%2C1200&ssl=1&resize=525%2C300 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/michelsanti.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/Iran-localisation.jpg?fit=972%2C1200&ssl=1&resize=700%2C400 2x"},"classes":[]},{"id":27137,"url":"https:\/\/michelsanti.fr\/en\/tariffs\/currency-wars","url_meta":{"origin":13805,"position":5},"title":"Currency is the Perfect and Easy Weapon Against Trade Wars","author":"Michel Santi","date":"November 23, 2024","format":false,"excerpt":"\u00a0 In 2018, as part of their trade war, the U.S. imposed an average tariff of 12.5% on imports from China. The direct consequence? The yuan gradually declined by a similar proportion. Now, consider the U.S. imposing tariffs on imports from the Eurozone. For the European Union, the best defense\u2026","rel":"","context":"In &quot;currency manipulation&quot;","block_context":{"text":"currency manipulation","link":"https:\/\/michelsanti.fr\/en\/category\/currency-manipulation"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/michelsanti.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/eur.png?fit=1200%2C516&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/michelsanti.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/eur.png?fit=1200%2C516&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/michelsanti.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/eur.png?fit=1200%2C516&ssl=1&resize=525%2C300 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/michelsanti.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/eur.png?fit=1200%2C516&ssl=1&resize=700%2C400 2x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/michelsanti.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/eur.png?fit=1200%2C516&ssl=1&resize=1050%2C600 3x"},"classes":[]}],"amp_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/michelsanti.fr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/13805","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/michelsanti.fr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/michelsanti.fr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/michelsanti.fr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/4"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/michelsanti.fr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=13805"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/michelsanti.fr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/13805\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/michelsanti.fr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/13806"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/michelsanti.fr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=13805"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/michelsanti.fr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=13805"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/michelsanti.fr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=13805"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}